Case Scenario: Bug, Inc. Essay

The following is a case scenario provided by the University of Phoenix titled Bug, Inc., prepared by Susan Brown Cooper. Scenario: BUG, Inc., a company based in Any State, U.S.A., designs, manufactures, and sells electronic recording devices. These devices are used by law enforcement agencies (police, FBI, etc.) to intercept and record sounds and voices. The equipment taps into telephone wires, cell phone transmissions, and picks up sounds and voices through the walls of a house or in open-air locations through the use of a remote microphone. Part of the equipment is driven by software written by BUG employees. BUG has exclusive contracts with most state and federal law enforcement agencies throughout the United States. BUG is thinking about expanding its sales to international markets. Currently, half of its manufacturing plants are in foreign countries and half are in the U.S. The company’s logo is a ladybug wearing a set of headphones. As a team, we will be answering a series of questions based on this scenario and our reading of the text, Business Law, the Ethical, Global, and E-Commerce Environment. (Mallor, Barnes, Bowers, & Langvardt, 2002) Case Scenario: Bug, Inc. 1. Define the different type(s) of legal protections BUG should have for its intellectual property. Explain why these protections are necessary. Patent – Protects Bug, Inc from having other parties copy the design of their electronic devices for 20 years from the date they file a patent application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Copyright – Protects the object codes and source codes of the computer programs created by Bug, Inc., and their employees, that are used in conjunction with their surveillance equipment. Trademark – Protects Bug, Inc’s ladybug logo from being copied by competitors. Trademarks, like patents, must be registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Registration lasts for 10 years rather than 20, but can be renewed for additional 10-year periods. 2. Earlier this year, WIRETAP, Inc., a relatively new company trying to compete with BUG, sent an employee to BUG to get a job. BUG, not realizing Steve was an employee of WIRETAP, hired him to work in its research and development department located in Any State, U.S.A. While working at BUG, Steve forwarded any BUG e-mail he received to WIRETAP. This included e-mail between BUG officers (both domestic and abroad) that Steve intercepted using his hacking ability. At the end of each week, Steve met with his boss at WIRETAP and gave him all the information he obtained about the BUG product lines. Discuss in detail what type(s), if any, of civil liability Steve and/or WIRETAP may face if caught. Steve and WIRETAP may face several types of civil liability to include patent infringement, misappropriation of a trade secret, and interference with prospective advantage. WIRETAP would be liable for patent infringement if they used any information or sold any product that contained elements of a patented invention, which they might have received information on from Steve. They would also be liable if a recently designed or changed product had similar elements to any product that BUG had patented, even if the product was different in design. Since Steve assisted WIRETAP in obtaining information, he could also be liable for contributory infringement, if the information he obtained was used to infringe on the patentee’s rights. Depending on the information received and used by WIRETAP, they might or might not be liable for patent infringement. Though they might not be held liable for patent infringement, they have are at risk of being liable for misappropriation of a trade secret. A trade secret is defined as, â€Å"any secret formula, pattern, process, program, device, method, technique, or compilation of information used in the owner’s business, if it gives its owner an advantage over competitors who do not know it or use it†( ). If the information that WIRETAP received was considered a secret and of potential value, WIRETAP will most likely be held responsible for misappropriation liability. A misappropriation liability occurs when a secret is acquired by  improper means or an individual breached a duty of confidentiality regarding the secret. In Steve’s case, both were committed. First, WIRETAP committed fraud by sending one of their employees to be hired by BUS in order to gain inside access to the company. Secondly, Steve intercepted certain emails by using his hacking ability and broke his confidentiality agreement by giving WIRETAP information that was probably confidential. The last civil liability WIRETAP might face is interference with prospective advantage. Since WIRETAP intentionally interfered by stealing certain information, BUS could argue that they lost an advantage in their industry because of information that was placed into the wrong hands. In order for WIRETAP to be liable, BUS would have to prove that they had an advantage and that the advantage was lost by the illegal actions of one of their competitors. 3.& Walter, a security guard for BUG, learns that Steve really works for WIRETAP. Walter takes Steve to a small soundproof room where he keeps him for six hours. During this time, Walter continues to ask Steve what he is doing at BUG and what information he has given WIRETAP. Walter tells Steve that he will hurt him if he does not tell him everything. Steve finally tells Walter what he wants to know. Walter then lets Steve go home. Has Walter committed any torts? If so, explain. Discuss any liability BUG may have for Walter’s actions. Walter’s actions led to him committing three different torts to include assault, intentional infliction of emotional distress, and false imprisonment. False imprisonment was first committed when Walters kept Steve in a room for six hours in attempt to gain the truth from him. From the scenario described above, one would assume that Steve did not agree to stay confined in a room for an hour but instead, was confined in a room without his consent. Assault occurred when the security guard decided to threaten to hurt Steve unless he told him everything he knew. Though the guard never acted on his threats, Steve feared for his safety, therefore telling Walter everything he wanted to know. By placing Steve in a confined area for several hours and threatening to hurt him, Walters’s outrageous conduct  would have placed emotionally distress on Steve. Since Walters is an employee for BUG, BUG would be liable to pay for any damages that occurred because of the emotional distress that was placed on Steve. The only reason BUG might not be held responsible for the security guard’s actions is if they can prove the he did not act on behalf of the company, therefore making him Walters liable to pay for all damages. 4. BUG has come to you for advice regarding interstate and international e-commerce. BUG wants to sell its products through the Internet. BUG is concerned about privacy, security, infringement issues, email contract validity, and various other things. BUG is also concerned because a company that buys famous and/or company name domain names seems to own the rights to BUG.com. The company is willing to sell the domain name for a high price. Advise BUG on all e-commerce issues that could possibly affect them. Be detailed in your response. It is in the company’s best interest to sell its products online. Although there are many precautions one must take, it is still critical in being competitive in today’s marketplace. BUG must be aware of the various issues engaged in the e-commerce environment. Fraud is a high rise for one and both the company and customers are skeptical regarding making online purchases. BUG should be sure to provide security and privacy, speed in processing transactions, and fulfilling orders. BUG should have a spam free, popup free ecommerce storefront; secure all transactions with the latest SSL security standards; display disclaimer during the checkout process; and keep constant watch on the changes in Internet security provided periodically test. The company should also find an e-commerce solution that allows real time processing and try using proven shipping carriers that reach all locations within the designated time-frame. In addition, BUG may want to try to create its own domain, which will allow more security as well as distance from competitors. By using the same domain as one that had been used, will have only allow more unnecessary visitors at that site which will only add greater risk for fraud activities and security to be tampered with. BUG is to follow all legal laws in all countries affiliated, state economic barriers, and government provisions are to be acknowledged. 5. Shady Town, U.S.A. has been plagued with a recent crime wave. The BUG plant in Shady Town has experienced vandalized vehicles in its parking lot and some second shift employees have been robbed as they walked to their cars at night. BUG receives shipments of parts and other items from vendors at its receiving/shipping dock located at the rear of each plant. The parking lot and dock areas are well lit; however, some lights are now out. While waiting for the dock manager to return from lunch, a vendor was attacked and robbed of his wallet and electronic chips he was delivering. Discuss what, if any, tort liability BUG may have to the vendor and to the BUG employees that were attacked. What defenses may be available to BUG? Explain your answers. 6. The attorneys for BUG have completed their investigation of WIRETAP and its employee, Steve. If they want to bring a successful action against WIRETAP for civil RICO, what do they need to prove? What type(s) of damages could BUG receive? In order to bring a successful suit against WIRETAP, BUG would first have to prove that Steve was acting on the behalf of WIRETAP. Another huge factor, which would play a significant role on the damages BUG could receive, would be the information that Steve gave WIRETAP, and how that information was actually used. If BUG wanted to receive damages for patent infringement, they would need to prove that WIRETAP acquired and used information that was owned by BUG and protected by a patent. The basic damages that could be recovered patent infringement are damages equivalent to the infringement and compensation for court costs and interest. Damages equivalent to the infringement would include at least the determined amount of money the infringer profited for the use made of the invention but damages could include up to three times of those actually suffered. To receive damages for the misappropriation of a trade secret, BUG would have to prove that WIRETAP possessed a trade secret, and it was acquired by improper means, or Steve breached a duty of confidentiality regarding the secret. The damages that BUG could be entitled to include damages related to  the actual loss caused by the misappropriation and any profit received by the defendant from the misappropriation. Depending on the state, BUG could also be awarded punitive damages if the misappropriation is considered malicious. In addition to the damages described above, BUG might be entitled to damages for the interference with a prospective advantage. To receive such damages, they would have to prove that future advantages were lost because of the interference of WIRETAP and the improper use of information received by the company. The damages would then be based on the any future advantage that might have been lost. 7. Sally DoGood, a police officer in Shady Town, was sitting in a police van monitoring wiretaps placed in the Crime Boss hideout. The equipment she was using, which was an older model purchased from BUG, short-circuited and injured Sally. An insulator that could have prevented the possibility of shorts was not included in the original design because of its effect on production costs. The newer models, not yet purchased by the Shady Town Police, have the insulator installed. Sally may have a successful case against BUG for what tort(s)? Explain your answer(s). Sally may have a successful case against BUG for negligence and for causation of personal injury. Negligence can be used because there was intent on the part of BUG to not put in the part that could have prevented the short-circuit and the injury. If the original design had included this part and not been left out due to production costs, it could have saved BUG money in the lawsuit and saved Sally the pain that was caused to her. There also seems to be negligence on the part of the police department. They know the newer models are better and safer, yet they have not purchased them yet. Causation of personal injury exists because she was injured because of the fact that the company, BUG, did not include the piece necessary for the equipment to work properly. Had the insulator been in all of the designs, this injury could have been avoided. It was intentionally left out, and therefore caused personal injury. References: Business Law: The Ethical, Global, and E-commerce Environment (12th ed.). Jane P. Mallor, A. James Barnes, L. Thomas Bowers, & Arlen W. Langvardt McGraw Hill, 2004 Burr Ridge, IL University of Phoenix Material: Case Scenario: Bug, Inc., Susan Brown Parker. Retrieved from http://www.phoenix.edu Prospective

An Effective Classroom Teacher Essay

I believe that with being a teacher comes great responsibility. A teacher will leave a lasting impression on their pupils, they should be free from any prejudice and treat children as individuals by respecting their backgrounds, religion, disability and race. I am extremely concerned about becoming an effective teacher and many factors contribute to this. This essay will highlight my areas of concern and how my initial thoughts have developed during my placement. My areas of concern include planning and executing enjoyable lessons. They also include the strategies I observed the teacher using to mange behaviour in the classroom which is essential for the smooth flow of the day. Confidence is a factor which I feel improves every time you teach, and if lessons are well planned and subject knowledge is secure a teacher would automatically begin to feel confident. I am also concerned about classroom organisation and the implementation of routines. I observed many examples of set routines which the school follow, this is the responsibility of the teacher to enforce and then keep consistent. These are all attributes or responsibilities of an effective teacher and this essay will explore them and discuss possible ways of improving or developing them. I have also included my experience regarding assessment and the importance of identifying strengths and weaknesses to become an effective teacher. Finally, I have included some experiences of my university education which has helped me to identify my areas for concern. I feel that being an effective teacher should involve valuing, gaining and giving respect to the children. I was concerned how this could be achieved. I saw fantastic examples on my school placement which I hope to adopt myself. Every morning the teacher would give the children time to settle on the carpet and instead of talking amongst each other, they would in turn talk to the teacher and the rest of the class, often about issues which were concerning them or something exciting that happened over the weekend. The teacher made sure every child had a chance to talk no matter how trivial. She showed genuine interest in them and never let them feel insignificant. I really admired the teacher for this. I initially thought it was just a nice way to start the morning however, after thinking about it so many strategies are involved and learning taking place. The children develop confidence in talking in front of the class; they are sharing their thoughts and feelings, and learning how to express themselves. The bond of trust is being formed between pupil and teacher. Finally, it is good strategy for managing behaviour. Children learn to listen to each other and they also learn patience and turn-taking. † The most effective teachers frequently involved the whole class in discussion and were skilled at doing this, which was not necessarily whole-class teaching as such.† (Dean, J. (2001) p.39)  Therefore I feel that it is extremely important to value a child despite race, gender, religion or disability. And to truly show an interest in them and respect their thoughts and beliefs. I feel that I established a good relationship with the children and they felt comfortable around me. This is where I felt I was effective in my teaching. All this contributes to being an effective teacher. Mortimore et al. (1988) found that effective teachers gave rewards rather than punishments, as punishments had a negative effect on learning. I observed a great deal of this on my school placement which I quickly adopted. Unwanted behaviour was often ignored until absolutely necessary, whereas good behaviour was praised quickly and an example made of it to the rest of the class. This practise worked, I saw the class react quickly try and act the same way to please the teacher and me as a student teacher. I feel that an effective teacher should have implemented a classroom routine and then to keep it consistent. An arrangement of getting things out and putting away can be made with children. All the children can be given a responsibility of taking care of a small area of the classroom. Places for resources, books etc should have a permanent place and be clearly labelled to enable the children to tidy up efficiently. I also noticed that the class teacher had seated the children in rows on specific places on the carpet. Bennet and Blunder (1983) found that children got more work done when sat in rows. I found that this is an effective classroom management strategy. There are no arguments of sitting next to friends or lack of space. The children know where they sit and with one glance, the teacher can see who is missing and spot ant disruptions. The children were seated on the table in groups according to ability. Independent work was often completed on the tables, however, the child were always given the chance to discuss ideas with each other before asking the teacher for help.

The man who was almost a man by Richard Wright Essay

The man who was almost a man by Richard Wright - Essay Example Seeing that he was being controlled in almost every sphere of his life, David decides to establish his own identity. Due to the increasing resentful of his powerlessness, Dave thinks that moving out and owning a gun would instantaneously make him a man by using the gun. He has a higher likelihood of shooting. â€Å"Dammit, hed done it! He fired again. Blooooom! He smiled. Blooooom! Blooooom! Click, click. There! It was empty†. Due to his inability to control himself, he decided to shoot Jenny (horse) just to prove to himself his not afraid. He says, "Lissen here, Jenny! When Ah pull this ol trigger, Ah don wan yuh t run n acka fool now!† and he run away. Additionally, his running away was wrong since he needed to pay for the mule that he killed which belonged to Mr. Hawkins. Mr Hawkins says, â€Å"Whut yuh pay fer it?" "Two dollahs." The other argument is that is it wrong for him to run away because he could be provoked and shoot people in the train considering that his gun was loaded, â€Å"Got a long strip of old flannel from a trunk, wrapped the gun in it, and tied it to his naked thigh while it was still loaded.† Since Dave was so engrossed in proving himself to be a man, wherever he runs to he will cause much more harm with the gun due to his attempts of trying to establish himself as a man â€Å"He felt his pocket; the gun was still there†¦ stretching away, away to somewhere, somewhere where he could be a man.† Therefore, is it important for people to know who they are in the world? This is the question Dave should have asked himself before making that decision of purchasing a gun. One needs to recognize himself to prevent serious problems from occurring. That is why Dave was not right by escaping with the train to move out of his

Introduction on Nissan Motor Company and the Supply Chain for Nissan Research Paper

Introduction on Nissan Motor Company and the Supply Chain for Nissan Company - Research Paper Example This study looks into Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., a Japanese automobile company that makes cars, buses,  and trucks with the labels Nissan and Datsun. Nissan also creates designs for and manufactures other equipment and devices such as machinery and communication satellites. The company’s head office is in Tokyo, Japan. Nissan came from two previous corporations—Kwaishinsha Co., which was founded in 1911 to manufacture Dat automobiles, and Jitsuyo Jidosha Co., which was established in 1919. In 1925, these two companies merged to create Dat Jidosha Seizo Co. Eight years later, the company’s assets were taken over by other shareholders, who created Jidosha Seizo Co., Ltd., granting it its current name the subsequent year. The newly organized company was focused on the manufacture and sale of automobiles and components under a newly created label—Datsun. In 1935, the first Datsun passenger car rolled off the assembly line and immediately thereafter, Nissan bega n shipping automobiles to Australia. The Datsun Type 15 turns into the first automobile to be mass produced in Japan in 1937, which also takes the form of a delivery van and mini-pickup. Throughout the war period, from the late 1930s, the company shifted completely to the manufacturing of military automobiles and trucks. The Allied Powers took hold of the central Nissan facilities in 1945; although permitting the manufacture of Nissan and Datsun automobiles to continue at a single facility, they did not bring back the rest of the facilities to the company until the mid-1950s. Afterwards, particularly in the 1960s when Nissan moved into the global market, manufacture and sales increased impressively while the company built assembly factories abroad. Yet, by the second half of the 1990s, Nissan had been facing some major problems, and in 1999 it started a partnership with Renault, a French car manufacturer. There are companies, even leaders in their own industries, where the logistics and supply chain functions are considered as rather second-rate or less important to other sectors of the business such as marketing, sales or manufacturing. Such companies are also those which grumble about the trouble of employing competent individuals for the management of their supply chain.

Discussin question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussin question - Essay Example The CMS understood that realizing some of these complications might not be avoidable because many patients suffer from illnesses and injuries that the physician could have prevented if the hospital or the physician could have taken suitable precautions. As part of reimbursement rules for â€Å"never events,† Inpatient facilities have focused to enhance the quality of care patients attains during their course or stay in the hospital. For instance, they have focused on decreasing hospital-acquired conditions such as fractures, severe bedsores and certain infections, and preventable medical mistakes such as conducting surgery on the unintended part of the body that should not take place. Inpatient facilities have been forced to fully evaluate and assess a patient once admitted in their facility and record the existence of all conditions that may need care, if the condition developed before admission to the hospital, it is not a never event. Further, they have to establish a law that identifies and reacts to conditions that belong to never events. This is how inpatient facilities have changed the way they handle their patients in order to get reimbursements from the

How has Japanese Cinema been Informed by Nuclear Disaster Term Paper

How has Japanese Cinema been Informed by Nuclear Disaster - Term Paper Example The style of the day is one of modern casual wear, except when our young protagonist and his friend go to school, then, they wear uniforms.   Whereas in other films, such as Akira Kurosawa’s (1990) Dreams, there is a stark contrast to the actors’ traditional kimono dress that is worn in those vignettes that portray even modern life in Japan, such as Sunshine Through the Rain, where the dress in the home is kimonos, which is presented against a backdrop of modern Japanese architecture reflecting the traditional architecture with modern materials.   The result is striking and beautiful cinematography that is spellbinding as the story in this short vignette. In Kikujiro (Kitaro, 2000), if there is anything that denotes the impact of the nuclear holocaust suffered by Japan at the end of the war, it is in the westernization of the society that is conveyed through the film.   However, it should be noted that Japan was, prior to the onset of the war, looking towards the west as a model of economic success (Keyser & Kumagai, 1996, 1).   Still, with the postwar occupation of Japan by the Allied forces, it might be logical to conclude that the westernization of Japan took on a different direction than the pre-war model.   Kikujiro (Kitaro, 2000) portrays the move away from tradition, into a modern society with modern social problems, such as gambling first and second family identity problems.   While these problems may have existed in Japan since the medieval times, it is the distinct westernized appearance of them in this modern day film that breaks with the tradition of what is usually both perceived and seen in the film as being Japanese. Whereas Japan’s move toward away from the traditional towards a more western model might have been the path in a pre-world WWII setting, nuclear holocaust and the presence of a western occupation following that event probably helped bring Japan to a western present much quicker than they might have arrived had it not been for western occupation following the war. Kikujiro (Kitaro, 2000) is the film that demonstrates modern Japan’s westernization.

ROSACEA Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ROSACEA - Assignment Example It will also note triggers to avoid, and alleviating factors to use for relief of symptoms, on which you can educate your patient. The condition may affect all segments of the population. However, it is most likely to affect people with fair skin that tend to flush easily (National Rosacea Society, 2015). It is also most likely to be found in women. The disease may also develop severe symptoms that are most evident in men (National Rosacea Society, 2015). There are various symptoms of the disorder. The symptoms sometimes are periodic. The primary symptom is where the skin turns red (NHS, 2014). However, there are other symptoms that develop as the condition progresses. They include burning and stinging sensation, long lasting redness, spots, and visibility of small blood vessels in the skin (NHS, 2014). The condition has no known cure. Treatment entails self-help measures and some form of medication. The most effective way is to avoid known triggers for the condition such as hot drinks, alcohol, and exposure to sunlight (NHS, 2014). There are medications that are used in relieving symptoms. Hence, the patient needs to be well educated on how to use such medications. Some forms of medication such as the use of creams and gels may help in reducing spots and redness. There is also some oral medication used in relieving severe spots (NHS,

Kantian Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Kantian Ethics - Essay Example From the principle of utility pain and pleasure are the only intrinsic values in the world. From this, the rule of utility is derived that the good is whatever brings the greatest happiness to the greater number of people. Most utilitarian theories deal with producing the greater amount of good for the greatest number. Negative utilitarianism requires individuals to promote the least amount of evil or harm, or to prevent the greatest amount of harm for the greatest number of the masses. Since utilitarians judge all actions by their ability to maximize good consequences, any harm to one individual can often be justified by a greater gain to other individuals. Values can be used under certain conditions since they can be used in times of evil or good. Goodwill is intrinsically good; its value is wholly self-contained and independent of its external relations. The value of goodwill does not depend upon the results. The moral value of the action can only reside in a formal principle 'maxim' the general commitment to act in this way because it is one's duty. The ultimate principle of morality is a moral law conceived so abstractly that it is capable of guiding a person to the right action to every set of circumstances1. Formula of autonomy where the concern of human dignity is combined with the principle of universiability to produce a conception of the moral law for the good of all2. Moral theory was founded on the assumption that it is the consequences of human actions that count in evaluating their merit that the kind of consequences that matter for human happiness is just the achievement of pleasure and avoidance of pain. The hedonistic value of any human action is calculated by how intense, how long the pleasure lasts, how certain and how quickly it follows the performance of the action being done and how likely it will give more benefits than harm. The extent of this pleasure brings out the happiness of the community as a whole because it is the sum of each person's interest as an individual. The universal agreement motivates people to do the right thing on the role of moral sanctions in eliciting proper conduct from human beings3. Human beings are also motivated by such internal sanctions such as self-esteem, guilt and conscience because we all have the social feelings on behalf of others, the selfish wish for the good of all may make us act morally. To avoid feeling bad and blaming oneself, people prefer to act morally to avoid the guilt within themselves if they act otherwise. People desire happiness hence when one person desire his/her happiness it implies that individual human beings desire the happiness of each other and everyone as a whole. Social applications of the principle of utility are fully consistent with concern for the promotion of justice, which involves respect for property, rights of individual citizens. Individual human beings are responsible for their thoughts, feelings, tastes and pursuits, while society is properly concerned only with social interest. To see that this is adhered to by everyone, the state has to monitor the individual interest so that they prevent individuals from doing harm to others by violating their rights. Utilitarianism therefore can only attain its goal of greater happiness by cultivating the nobleness of the individuals so that all benefit for the good of others. Once many people acquire the happiness they were pursuing or were entitled to, they develop inclinations. They do not mind if one

Building Watson Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Building Watson - Case Study Example It would be advisable to further the research in order to achieve the benefits in that future. Although able to process information much faster, innately, than a human being it would be perceived to have an advantage, and yet it gave a completely inaccurate answer to a question posed, which means that there is still something lacking in the decision making skills as to when to answer. If a human being is not certain of an answer they would likely decline to offer an answer; however, Watson opted to answer and the answer delivered with low artificial intellectual certainty was absolutely wrong. Ultimately, Watson sets precedent and encourages the further study and investment in the research and development of these technologies. The unpredictability and sense of choice that human beings possess is still something that cannot be achieved synthetically (Shih, 2012). Computers possess none of the emotional motivations of humanity, at least not in this case or technology level, these infl uences create the ethical, logical, and moral uses of our knowledge and thought. There is a dynamic nature to human thought, organic thought, which has yet to be captured within the programming of artificial intelligence and computer technologies. ... on is a sophisticated computer and computers are beneficial for their ability to compute, calculate, retrieve, and analyze data at incredible speeds, far faster than a human brain (Shih, 2012).A trivia challenge of, both, common knowledge and specialized knowledge should be an ideal task for a computer to do decidedly well, ideally, better than any human opponent. However, there are a number of personality and psychological traits possessed by human beings that are completely irrelevant to computer intelligence, including compulsive liars to truth tellers and fair players and misdirecting ones. These traits are just a few, of what are easily, thousands of possible emotional, mental, and behavioral responses attributable to human beings; none of which are shared by artificial intelligence (Shih, 2012).Given these parameters, can a computer win a match of not only knowledge but, also, of strategy and skilled game play? Although, throughout the course of the game, Watson did quite well at answering many questions correctly, however when it gave one particular inaccurate answer that was not just wrong, it was unbelievably wrong. When asked to name the U.S. state had their largest airport named after a WWII hero and their largest city named after a WWII battle, Watson answered, â€Å"Toronto† (Shih, 2012). Toronto is not a U.S. city, in the United States at all, and has absolutely nothing to do with the questions involving WWII namesakes; the degree of wrong was surprising to designers and proved that greater study will need to be done to determine why it chose an answer so obviously incorrect and then choosing to share that answer with any â€Å"programming† common sense that allowed to think that the answer could be correct would be extremely important. Watson was

Alfalfa hay yield prediction using yield monitor data and satellite Research Paper

Alfalfa hay yield prediction using yield monitor data and satellite imagery - Research Paper Example These variables can be used as yield indicators upon which crop growth models are based (Clevers et al, 1994). Accurate yield estimation relies on the availability and quality of actual crop status data. Satellite images provide a spatial resolution in spectral bands and offer coverage cycles. A number of studies have used such satellite images for monitoring of crop development (Watz et al, 1996) a characterization of natural vegetation (Saiz et al,1996). Information about the crops can be obtained from Vegetation indices (Tucker, 1979). These are functions that measure crop reflectance in terms of spectral analysis. Studies support the fact the use of Vis from the sensors were effective in determining the spatial variation and phonological changes in vegetation, though there are several Vis defined the most commonly used VI is the NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index) (Schowengerdt,1997). Techniques to improve the use of NDVIs are being developed, for example to normalize mu lti-temporal NDVs derived from NOAA AVHRR data for atmospheric effects. (Potdar et al, 1999). The reason for the variations was the low correlation coefficients. (Groten, 1993, Sharma 1993, Rosema, 1998) The main goal of agricultural crop management is to guarantee food resource for its population. Crop yield prediction ahead of harvest time and involving large regions is important for all countries. Crop yield prediction entails the application of crop growth models and crop yield models. Despite advances in crop yield prediction models, the applicability of such a model is limited to particular crops, cultivation practices, and growing conditions (Gommes, 1998). In addition, there is recognition that an integral part of predicting yield lies in accurate identification of growing sites and measurement of crop sown area, prior to using VI based methods for predicting crop growth and yield (Gommes , 2001). Thus, the goal of our study was to validate the prediction model as per NDVI w ith actual yield. In fact, early research has revealed the need to obtain better spectral signatures for predicting growth and yield of crops (Sonia ,1999, Sonia et al ,2002). This is because no single model of prediction has proven satisfactory in all conditions. For example, models like CERES (Larrabee et al, 1985), WOFOST (Diepen et al,1989) and EPIC (Williams et al, 1984), is limited due to the fact they were targeted towards specific research methods. The leading crop simulation models have been deemed to complex for wide acceptable forecasting purposes (Gommes, 1998). Remote Sensing has been used to furnish input data for models. Spectral vegetation indices correct the atmospheric and soil spectral effects on remotely sensed data.(Broge et al,2002)(McDonald et al ,1983)(Tucker,1979)(Tucker et al, 1985)(Tucker et al, 1991)(Unganai et al, 1988)(Williams, et al, 1991). This Vegetation Index (VI) is a measure of total green biomass at any given time has been related to crop yield (Potdar et al, 1993). The normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) can be computed from red and near infrared reflectance data available from LANDSAT-TM, SPOT, ARTEMIS, NOAA-AVHRR satellite images (Heilkema et al, 1990). The NDVI derived

These other packet provides information Essay Example for Free

These other packet provides information Essay Nmap done tells you how many IP addresses were scanned and how long it took 8. How many total IP hosts (not counting Cisco device interfaces) did Zenmap GUI (Nmap) find on the network? 5 IP host on the network 9. Based on your Nmap scan results and initial reconnaissance and probing, what next steps would you perform on the VSCL target machines? Use the file transfer buttons to download the Lab #1 LMAP scan. xml and Lab #1 topology fisheye chart. pdf Soft copy of the Zenmap GUI Intense Scan report in XML format . xml Topology fisheye bubble chart in PDF format Perform a Vulnerability Assessment Scan Using Nessus This lab demonstrates the first three steps in the hacking process that is typically performed when conducting ethical hacking or penetration testing. The first step in the hacking process is to perform an IP host discovery and port/services scan (Step 1 : Reconnaissance and Probing) on a targeted IP subnetwork using ZenMap GUI (Nmap) security scanning software. The second step in the hacking process is to perform a vulnerability assessment scan (Step 2: Scanning) on the targeted IP subnetwork using [emailprotected] vulnerability assessment scanning software. Finally, the third step in the hacking process (Step 3: Enumeration) is to identify information pertinent to the vulnerabilities found to exploit the vulnerability. 1 . What is the application Zenmap GUI typically used for? Describe a scenario in which you would use this type of application. This application is used to perform an intense scan of all 36 test scripts using the profile selection or you can Just select a specific IP address using the Target selection. I would use this application to determine the vulnerability of my computer by completing an assessment scan of my ntire system. 2. Which application is used for Step 2 in the hacking process to perform a vulnerability assessment scan? Nmap-Zenmap GUI 3. What must you obtain before you begin the ethical hacking process or penetration test on a live production network, even before performing the reconnaissance step? Create a custom Security Policy 4. What is a CVE listing? Who hosts and who sponsors the CVE database listing website? CVE listing is standardized identifiers for common computer vulnerabilities and exposures. Cybersecurity and Communications at the U. S. Department of Homeland Security, the MITRE Corporation 5. Can Zenmap GUI detect which operating systems are present on IP servers and workstations? Which option includes that scan? Yes, service info: OS: Linux 6. If you have scanned a live host and detected that it is running Windows XP workstation OS, how would you use this information for performing a Nessus vulnerability assessment scan? I would know that would be able to perform this scan 7. Once a vulnerability is identified by Nessus, where can you check for more information regarding the identified vulnerability, exploits, and the risk mitigation solution? Ports/Protocols, 443/tcp, Plugin Name: Service Detection 8. What is the major difference between Zenmap GUI and Nessus? Nessus scans for vulnerabilitys and Zenmap GUI is used to map network host within an open port. 9. Why do you need to run both Zenmap GUI and Nessus to perform the first three steps of the hacking process? The Zenmap has already run an intense scan on the 254 IP address to map out the network which makes Nessus able to find the vulnerability located within the 254 IP address. Zenmap GUI scan report in soft copy with your notes on what you found Nessus vulnerability scan report in HTML soft copy

Far from the madding crowd Essay Example for Free

Far from the madding crowd Essay 1. Chronicle the relationship between Bathsheba Everdene and one of the three men (Oak, Boldwood or Troy) in her life. Who was the most to blame for the difficulties encountered in the course of their relationship? (One or both? ) I will begin by giving an account on the relationship between Bathsheba Everdene and Gabriel Oak. After completing this I will come to a conclusion on who was most to blame for the difficulties encountered in the course of their relationship. When Farmer Oak and Bathsheba first encounter in the book, Oak sees a carriage with Bathsheba sitting on top, the carriage is full with furniture. This lady interests Oak and as the carriage is about to leave he followed the vehicle to the turnpike gate some way beyond the bottom of the hill, where the object of his contemplation now halted for the payment of the toll. It is noticeable that Oak is interested in this woman but the scene unfolds as Bathsheba refuses to pay the turnpike keeper the two pence he would like. Let the young woman pass, is what Gabriel said as he draws near and hands the keeper the money. This meeting introduces the two characters to the reader for the first time, but they do not know that they will both play an important part in each others lives. Not long after the meeting, Gabriel sees Bathsheba from a birds eye view, this is when he realises that he feels something towards Bathsheba. Having for some time known the want of a satisfactory form to fill an increasing void within him, his position moreover affording the widest scope for his fancy, he painted her a beauty. This is the moment when Oak sees Bathsheba riding a horse on her back in a way she would not have if she knew she were being watched. Bathsheba does not know that Oak is watching. This is when Oak knows that he is in love with her. As she rides back he approaches her and brings up the fact he saw her earlier, this makes her blush as she apprehended that he had seen her. Oak has became so in love with her that he would wait for her to come past the hedge every day, he had reached a peak of existence he never could have anticipated a short time before. Oak chooses to marry Bathsheba but he is mislead by Bathshebas aunt told him that she has many sweethearts already. Bathsheba finds him to tell him that the statement was not true. This leads him to think that she wants to marry him and tells her that his is doing well in life and that Bathsheba may have her own piano. Would hate to be thought mens property in that way, is Bathshebas reply, meaning she likes the idea of marriage but does not like the outcome of all the responsibility afterwards. Also Bathsheba is not totally stunned by Gabriels property and is not impressed by the idea of having a little piano. Later on in the book, after Oak hears that Boldwood has proposed to Bathsheba she asks Oak to deny all rumours about her getting married but Oak refuses. He goes on to say he will give her his point of view about her actions. Oak re-approaches her and she decides to take serious measures. I cannot allow any man to to criticize my private conduct! Nor will I for a minute. So youll please leave the farm at the end of the week! As soon as Bathsheba dismisses Oak she once again needs him as the sheep are in trouble and will die unless Oak can help them. Bathsheba knows the sheep are at stake so even though she was reluctant to call back Oak at first she does so. At first he does not want to come back as Bathsheba was impolite in the way she asked for him to stay, but in the end he does. Gabriel then realises that Bathsheba may need him more than he thought, as she does not no how to run a farm properly, this gives Gabriel the thought that he may be able to have a relationship with her. Gabriels chances of a relationship with Bathsheba are ruined when Troy arrives in the book. Oak warns Bathsheba that she should not get involved with him, but she is already in love and does not take any concern to what is being said. Bathsheba later goes off to Bath with Troy where Oak believes she is going to turn down Troy but instead they come back as a married couple. Oak still loves Bathsheba though and shows her his devotion to her one night when a storm is brewing; he helps save the hayricks while Troy and the rest of the village are drunk. After accounting the relationship between Bathsheba and Oak, I will now who was the most to blame for the difficulties encountered in the course of the relationship. I cannot see how Gabriel Oak was the most to blame for the difficulties encountered in the course of all the mens relationships with Bathsheba. I believe that it is a combination of both Boldwoods and Troys. This is because if Boldwood was not so desperate for love he would have realised that the valentines card Bathsheba sent him was simply as a prank, What fun it would be to send it to that silly old Boldwood. Instead Boldwood takes this seriously as he searches for love, he continuously approaches Bathsheba saying that he is in love with her, and that they should get married, My life does not belong to me any more, Miss Everdene, but to you. Ive come to propose marriage to you. I believe that if Boldwood had accepted the fact that the card was actually only sent as a prank, then he would never have asked Bathsheba to marry him. Therefore some of the difficulties encountered would never have happened. I also believe Troy has a part to blame in the difficulties encountered, as his flirtatious ways and seduction techniques begins to make Bathsheba fall in love with him. Troy only likes Bathsheba as she happens to be a very pretty lady, he would never have treated a women he did not find attractive in this manner. This is shown in the way he speaks to her upon their first encounter Thank you for letting me see such a beautiful face! Before Bathsheba and Troy get married he tells Bathsheba how he has seen a women far more beautiful than her, this is only an attempt to make sure he marries her. Again if Troys trickery and flirtatious ways were not to have happened some of the difficulties would never have happened. I cannot see how Gabriel was to blame for any of the difficulties, as when Bathsheba was with either Boldwood or Troy he simple let whatever to carry on, he did not get in the way. This is because he thought that aslong as Bathsheba was happy with the man she was with, then that would make him happy, even though he would not be able to be with her. So to conclude I believe that both Troy and Boldwood are to blame for the difficulties encountered in the course of Bathshebas relationship with all three of the men.

Communication Skills and Values in Social Work

Communication Skills and Values in Social Work Discuss the use of communication skills and values in social work This assignment sets out to explore the use of communication skills and value in social work according to three interconnected dimensions. The first section discusses the importance of communication in the practice of social work – including building a rapport with service users and carers, and the importance of empowerment. The second section identifies and explains the centrality of effective communication skills such as negotiation, interviewing and self-awareness. After this, part three considers the impact of personal and professional values on communication. This includes traditional and radical values in social work practice and the effects of communication in ethical dilemmas. The code of practice (CCW, 2002) in the Welsh context is considered throughout. This first section discusses the importance of communication and empowerment in social work practice with service users, carers and other professionals. Communication is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary (2013) as the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. It cannot be described in such narrow terms within social work because of the different techniques involved in working with different service users in a multitude of situations. This involves social workers making judgements and getting to know the service user in order to communicate efficiently to the service users preferred method of communication (Wilson et al, 2008). Communication in social work practice is central to all inter-agency working and to building relationships with service users and carers. Good communication as a social worker requires the expertise to be both sensitive and understanding of their situation in order to build rapport with the individual (Treve thick, 2000). Rapport is how the social worker contacts and engages with the service user and carers. Developing a rapport starts with an introduction which forms the basis of the relationship, particularly as it is important to gain an understanding of the service user. This involves discussing their background, values, culture and needs, which will help develop the rapport (Knapp, 2009). The fundamentals of communication in social work are voice and speech, body language, hearing, observing, encouraging and remembering. These skills can be used in introductions with service users and their families/ carers. Introductions can be uncomfortable and worrying for the service user if they are unsure what a social worker is there for and it depends on their previous experiences, if any. To ease this process an introduction exercise can be implemented – for example a genogram can be drawn by asking the family to collectively describe each family member in the house and those they would describe as their support and closest to them. Put simply, a genogram is a very detailed family tree using symbols to represent relationships (Parker and Bradley, 2010). This will help build a relationship with the service user as well as gain information and observe their reactions (body language) when working together and when talking about family and friends. This will show some key skills on the social workers behalf such as, listening, speech, remembering and encouraging. Active listening uses a combination of talking and listening skills to make the service user feel you understand their situation, and encourages them to place trust in the social worker (Cournoyer, 2011). It involves positive body language and speech to invite/enable the service user to express themselves. More specifically, body language is expression through movement and facial expressions which convey emotion. Social workers should use body language to make service users feel more comfortable but also pay attention to whether the service user is showing signs of aggression, trying to hide something, or seems happy in the situation. Empowerment is a process promoted by skills and should involve the service user. It aims to emphasise the rights and needs of people who may be oppressed by society (Leadbetter, 2002). Empowerment can be delivered in many forms, for example, personal, organisational, community based, family, group or team empowerment. Personal empowerment helps service users to gain control over their situations and overall empower themselves and others to enable change. Organisational empowerment supports staff in an organisation, promoting morale and motivation in workers so they are happy to take on more responsibilities and go to work. Community based empowerment supports the community to challenge inequalities and exclusion so everyone who lives in a certain society can feel a part of the community and take control of their environment. Family, group or team empowerment focuses on allowing each person in the group to help each other and themselves collectively. They can call on each other for su pport and help if they need to fight oppressive behaviour (Adams, 1996). The second section discusses effective communication skills and how they support anti-oppressive practice. Skills are the ability to carry out a particular activity effectively and consistently over a period of time (Thompson, 2005:81). Skills that shape the way social workers communicate are interviewing, negotiation and partnership and self-awareness (Thompson, 2005). An interview is a conversation with meaning and the beginning of change (Trevethick, 2000). Social workers use interviews to collect data and to build a face to face rapport with service users. An interview should be natural and the service user should not feel like they are being treated according to a checklist just going through the process, as this could be seen as oppressive if service users are not treated as individuals. The service user should have an understanding of why the social worker is there and has the right to know the process that has taken place to get to the interview. A key skill of interviewing i s directing, this means although there should be a steady flow the social worker needs to keep the conversation on the subject that they are there for in a subtle way. This can be done by using phatic conversation as glue to keep it social and help keep a relationship going but redirecting to the main issue so it is a healthy balance for both taking part. It is better to use questions that will not give the service user the answer, especially children because this could create a story that is not exact. For example use, where did you get that bruise? Instead of did your mum give you that bruise? Open ended questions allow service users to expand on answers and give information that the social worker may not have thought to ask about (Hepworth et al, 2010). Negotiation and partnership is an essential part of interagency working. Working in partnership with other professionals requires a level of negotiation when both services have different/alternative ideas of what is best for the service user. Professionals who work together quite commonly are social workers and health care professionals. Everyone involved in interagency team should have a clear role and have an understanding of each others place/responsibilities in the team and their point of view. Negotiation may take place in deciding the best solution for a service user. However, there may be a hierarchy between the professionals causing tensions in decision-making. This would need to be resolved in order to work in partnership. This can be achieved by building relationships and achieving trust and mutual respect through communication (Atkinson et al, 2007). The code of practice (6.5) states social workers should always treat colleagues with respect and work openly and co-operativ ely with them (CCW, 2002). Negotiation also takes place with service users in the decision of the best solution for their situation. Keeping the service user involved with all decisions helps maintain the service users trust and confidence in social services. This is anti-oppressive practice, which involves social workers empowering the service user to take control of their lives and help contact people in their society in similar situations. This is to help them feel part of society no matter their culture, language or lifestyle. It is seen as part of the social workers job to get rid of oppression in society (Dominelli, 2002). For example, by using a language interpreter this will make the service user more at ease and allow them to get their point across better. Social workers need a level of self-awareness to convey attitudes, the correct emotions and self-control. Without self-control personal issues and emotional attachment to a situation could be expressed which could cloud professional judgement. The situation should always be focused on the service user and the social workers thoughts of their personal perfect solution may not coincide with the service user (Cournoyer, 2011). The code of practice (2.6) states social workers must declare issues that may create conflict of interests and making sure they do not influence their judgement or practice (CCW, 2002). The skill of self-awareness grows overtime with experience in practice, it teaches social workers to think on their feet during communication and difficult situations, deal with stress and tackle all obstacles as completely different when dealing with different people (Cournoyer, 2011). This third, and final, section considers the impact of personal and professional values upon communication within social work practice, including how ethical issues arise in communication. Personal values need to be taken into account because they will frame many decisions; its the social workers instincts about safety and danger that decides, for instance, whether it is safe for a child to stay with their parents. However, personal values need to coincide with professional values because social workers cannot let personal judgements shadow their professional obligations to help all service users and abide by the code of practice (CCW, 2002). For example a social worker cannot express their personal opinions to a service user through verbal or non-verbal communication. They have to treat them with professional courtesy despite their personal feelings towards them. Social work values are underpinned by traditional and radical values. Traditional values focuses on being non-judgemental , protecting confidentiality and treating the service user with dignity and respect (Biestek, 1961). This follows the anti-oppressive practice of treating everyone as individuals and to not compare two different cases. These values underpin the core principles of the code of practice (CCW, 2002). Radical values are more modern views of social work practice which involves the service users taking more action to solve their problems themselves. For example, empowering the service user to have more confidence to build a partnership with their social worker and give input into their own plans for the future (Thompson, 2000). According to BASW code of ethics (2012) professional ethics concerns matters of right and wrong conduct, good and bad qualities of character and the professional responsibilities attached to relationships in a work context. Ethical issues can arise because social workers promote the welfare and rights of service users but the end result may not coincide with what the service user thinks is the right decision for them. This could cause communication barriers/issues because social workers support service users to be a part of deciding their own life changes then in some circumstances this power can be taken away from them. For example, an elderly woman wants to be able to live at home but she does not have the support and her dementia and mobility is deteriorating. The decision is made that she needs to go into supported accommodation, this effects the social workers relationship with the woman and the service users whole demeanour changes towards the social worker including body langu age, attitude and facial expression. In conclusion, communication verbal and non-verbal resides at the core of social work. It is utilized in all areas of social work as an essential part of the job. Communication is used in services for elderly, children, people with disabilities, drug and alcohol abuse and mental health. It is used to build relationships, create solutions and to negotiate plans for service users. It is important that social workers work to always improve these skills and complete training so they can learn from other professionals experiences of how different service users, carers and professionals like to work in partnership. This includes how to communicate with people who may not want to co-operate to begin with but can use negotiation skills to improve the relationship.

Robert Frost-The road not taken :: essays research papers

http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/frost/life.htm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Life has many roads you can take and it’s which ones you choose to follow that will shape your future forever. That is what I always take from this great Frost poem. He sees two roads both being equally appealing, but selects the one less traveled and how it makes his life unique. This poem is one of few that I do care for myself. It shows a man whose come to a point in his life where he has to decide what he will do with it. This is a point in our lives that everyone will come to and a somewhat difficult challenge for many. We have the many options ahead of us and must try and look ahead to what will come to decide our future. â€Å"And be one traveler, long I stood and looked down one as far as I could.† I think this was a time in Frost’s life when he had just moved to London and was looking back at the choices he had made. He quit trying the Derry farm and sold it and moved to London to write. This was an awfully risky thing to do at this p oint with a wife and kids, but it shows his approval in retrospect. â€Å"Then took the other, just as fair, and having perhaps the better claim, because it was grassy and wanted wear.† This shows that he choose a path that many choose to not to. He selected a harder path in life that could have been a devastating mistake given his situation in life. The easy road would have been more secure and he would have had less to worry about, but he probably wouldn’t have enjoyed life as much. â€Å"And both that morning had equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day!† This is the part of the poem I myself have always had a slight confusion with, but have taken it that it is supposed to show his selection of the more difficult path and how he would return to it later in life and try the other path. The thing that confuses me about this section of the poem is the next line.† Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.† This to me shows that he wants to return and try different things in life, but knows once he has chosen a road trying a different one is quiet difficult.

Todays Drug Laws Essay -- Papers Society Laws Drugs Narcotics Essays

Today's Drug Laws Today?s drug laws seem to do more harm than good. The so-called drug war hasn?t seemed to be as effective as it was intended to be. Its original intent lies in its name, to attack the drug problem in America. Nixon started the war on drugs in the late sixties to stop drug abuse at the source, the distributors. Another intention for the war on drugs was to show individuals taking part in this illegal activity that their participation would cause serious consequences. The government has taken drastic measures to keep drugs out of our nations streets, from attacking the frontline in The Columbian drug fields, to making numerous drug busts in urban cities across the United States. However, these harsh but well- intentioned laws have been accused of infringing on America?s freedom. Some believe the people have a natural right to use drugs if they perfectly well chose to do so. Although the war on drugs has been going on for many years, drugs still remain a big problem in the lives of many Americans. Drug offenders as well as abusers are being punished with extreme penalties. Innocent people are suffering because of this. And finally, all the tax dollars going into this war seems to be in vain because its not progressing like it should. The American Government saw that drugs were repressing its citizens, which made them spring into action. The Government wanted to do whatever it took to rid its streets from drugs and crime, which in time the War on Drugs was created. Nixon launched programs with efforts to crackdown on illegal drug use. He created the Office of Drug Abuse and Law Enforcement (ODALE) and the Office of National Narcotics Intelligence (ONNI). In 1973, he also initiated Reorganization... ...tes these laws. Whether or not they are on the right track in solving the problem makes their intentions invalid. Harsh laws and the treat of jail will not stop drug abuse. We learned this from History. When the Prohibition law was passed in 1920, innocent people suffered, organized crime grew, government officials (police, court, politicians, ect.) became corrupt, disrespect for the law grew, and the consumption of prohibited substance increased. If America has learned anything from it?s past, prohibiting people in a democratic society causes more and more problems. Legalization also brings on a bunch of other problems, which makes this issue more complicated. The answers aren?t going to fall into place. It is going to take arguments from both sides to come to an agreeable decision, and then and only then is this war on drugs will come to an inevitable end.

Biometric Security Technology Essay -- Technological Computers Essays

Biometric Security Technology You have seen biometric technology in the films Mission: Impossible and Gattaca. The technology has also graced the covers of many weekly news magazines. But many people, even though the technology has been widely talked about for the last half decade, are still surprisingly unaware of what biometrics are and why the technology is so important for computer security and personal identification. Biometrics are automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physical or behavioral characteristic (2001). Essentially, biometric security technologies are used to accurately identify individuals on a unique trait. The most common biometric security techniques used currently are: signature verification, face geometry, finger scan, hand geometry, passive iris scan, retina scan, and voice print (2004c). According to The Biometric Consortium, 'enterprise-wide network security infrastructures, government IDs, secure electronic banking, investing and other financial transactions, retail sales, law enforcement, and health and social services are currently benefiting from biometrics' (2001). Though biometric technology will soon be commonplace on personal home computers and small company computer systems, the high cost of biometric security means that, for the most part, currently only federal, state, and local governments, the military, and large corporations will be able to afford the new technology. That said, however, hardware manufacturers and software developers are currently creating and selling products for the office user who wants to protect their machines from nosey coworkers (2004a). And Microsoft, developer of the world?s most popular computer operating system, said newer versions ... ...ion.html [23 June 2004]. (2002, February 18). About Biometrics. Information Technology Laboratory. [Online]. Available: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div893/biometrics/about.html [23 June 2004]. Bertolucci, James. (2004a, June 25). Products for the Paranoid. PC World [Online]. Available: http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,116573,00.asp [23 June 2004]. Mace, Scott. (2004b, February 24). Gates Previews Security Projects. PC World [Online]. Available: http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,114916,00.asp [23 June 24]. O?Brien, James A. (2004c). Management Information Systems: Managing Information Technology in the Business Enterprise. New York: McGraw-Hill. Newell, Adrienne. (2004d, March 19). Are Biometrics Coming to a PC Near You? PC World [Online]. Available: http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,115289,00.asp [23 June 2004].

Classroom Management and Diversity

Samantha Formato Classroom management and diversity are two very important concepts to consider because classroom management in diverse environments can be a lot different than in less diverse environments. There is so much diversity going on now that everyone should be aware of the importance of classroom management inside the diverse environments. When I talk about diversity in this paper I am referring to ethnic and cultural diversity. There are many different strategies that can help students in more diverse classrooms feel more comfortable and be in a better learning environment.In my paper, I will be touching on five major strategies that help classroom management in more diverse classrooms. These strategies are building trust, engaging personal culture, confronting social dominance and social justice, transforming instructional practices, and engaging the entire school community. I will be talking about all of the advantages to these strategies. Another thing I will be touchin g on is the importance of classroom management in these diverse classrooms.I will also look at the differences between classroom management in less diverse environments and classroom management in more diverse environments. I will talk about my experiences observing classrooms and the differences between the classroom management strategies each teacher uses. Classroom management is a very critical part of teaching and having good classroom management in a more diverse classroom is a challenging task, but also a very important one. In more diverse environments especially, it is sometimes harder for teachers to have good classroom management.Mainly because the students in more diverse settings tend to act out more or disobey the rules. If students feel like they are in an open and trusting community at school they are more likely to succeed and listen to the teacher’s directions. Building trust, engaging personal culture, confronting social dominance and social justice, transfo rming instructional practices, and engaging the entire school community is five very important strategies that make classroom management easier. Building trust is one of the most important strategies that help classroom management in more diverse environments.Building trust entails being honest with students and having discussions about race and ethnicity with the entire class. Talking about students different cultures instead of just simply acting like they are not there. One teacher from the Apple Valley School District says, â€Å"I need to move beyond being color-blind. † The main idea of this strategy is to establish positive leaning communities in each classroom. If the students feel like their cultures and ethnicity are accepted they will feel more comfortable. Trust is such an important thing to have in a classroom in order to be able to have good classroom management.If the students feel like they can trust the teacher they will be more open and the teacher will have better control over his or her management (Howard, 2007). The second strategy is engaging in personal culture. This strategy is very important because it can be the difference between high school students dropping out of school or continuing on. The main reasoning of engaging in personal culture is to form authentic and effective relationships across differences. These relationships are very important to students who are going through school.If students feel that their teachers do not care about them they are more likely to drop out of school. Forming relationships with your students is important in order to maintain good classroom management. If the students feel like you enjoy getting to know them and that you respect them then they are more likely to listen and follow directions. If students feel like you do not respect them and could care less about them they are more likely to disobey and possibly even drop out of school all together (Howard, 2007). Confronting social dominanc e and social justice is the third strategy to better classroom management.This strategy is about making teachers aware of their surroundings and the issues that surround race and class. It forces teachers to think about race and class in a different way and causes them to better understand their students and what their students are going through. During this strategy teachers will come together and have discussions about race, class, gender, immigration, and other forms of diversity. They will open up and get a better consciousness about social dominance and diversity. This will help teachers teach their students better and make them more aware of what is going on around them (Howard, 2007). The fourth strategy is ransforming instructional practices. This strategy is crucial to having good classroom management. The main focus of this strategy is for teachers to shift their teachings to meet the diverse learning needs of students. Also, to use curriculum that honors each student†™s culture. For example, if a teacher was working in a school district that was mainly a Spanish speaking area if the teacher had to send something home to the parents they could send one paper home in English and on the back have the same paper written in Spanish. This would make it a lot easier on parents and students of mainly Spanish speaking families.This would also help classroom management because it is very important that your student’s parents understand you (Howard, 2007). The fifth and last strategy is engaging the entire school community. This strategy talks about how if you want to have good classroom management in diverse environments you not only have to involve the students, but also their parents. If the students are not getting any support from their parents it is hard for them to succeed. Teachers can help parents get more involved by sending home news letters and letting them know about any activates going on around the school.Even though this might not always get the students parents involved it still good to try. It is a lot easier to have classroom management when the students feel supported by not only the teacher, but also by their parents (Howard 21). Also students in schools with a strong sense of community are more likely to be academically motivated (Schaps, 2003). I recently observed two different classrooms, one in a diverse environment and one in a less diverse environment. The classroom I observed that was diverse is in the Northeast school district in Reading and the less diverse classroom is in the Pleasant Valley school district in Brodheadsville.The way the teachers in each of these schools manage their classrooms is completely different because of the diversity differences. The biggest difference I came across while observing these two classrooms was how serious each of the teachers has to be. From observing I realized how much harder it is to have good classroom management in more diverse classrooms. For example, in the more diverse classroom the teacher had to be very serious and the teacher in the less diverse classroom joked around a lot.The teacher in the more diverse classroom had to be serious because the students were constantly acting up. The teacher did not have time to joke around because at every moment she had to keep her students on track of what they were supposed to be doing. They constantly needed guidance. When I was observing the less diverse classroom I saw that the teacher joked around a lot. He made funny references and was all around less serious and strict. This was because his students were better behaved. They did act up at certain times, but they were always quick to get back on topic.Another thing that I realized was that the teacher in the diverse environment used all of the strategies that help classroom management and the teacher in the less diverse environment only used two of the strategies. There were a few kids in the less diverse environment that were dive rse but the teacher did not recognize them. He did not confront social dominance and justice, transform practices, or engage school community. He just acted as if everyone was the same ethnicity and ignored all differences. Which, is not always the best way to act. When a teacher acts this way even though they are teaching all of the students the same.Sometimes the students that are ethnically different can fall behind or feel as if they are not cared about. Where as the teacher in the diverse environment took advantage of her student’s differences and did all of the strategies, which helped her classroom management become better. By enforcing the strategies the classroom management becomes better because the students respect the teachers more and also usually listen better. The students and teacher benefit from using the five strategies. Keeping control of diverse classrooms is much more challenging than keeping control of less diverse classrooms.There is a big difference be tween diverse and less diverse classrooms, that is why classroom management is so important. If the teacher in the diverse environment did not use the five strategies I think it would have been very hard for her to have good classroom management in her classroom. The teacher in the less diverse environment however was able to get away with not using the five strategies because his classroom was less diverse so the students were not as hard to handle. Achieving classroom management in diverse classrooms is a very important and challenging task.Classroom management continues to be a serious concern for teachers and especially in urban and diverse learning environments (Milner 2010). Classroom management is so important in order to have a successful running class. It is easier to obtain classroom management in less diverse classrooms but there are five major strategies that help teachers achieve classroom management in diverse classrooms. I mentioned these strategies earlier, they are again building trust, engaging in personal culture, confronting social dominance and social justice, transforming instructional practices, and engaging the entire school community.Without these five strategies it would be almost impossible to gain good classroom management in diverse environments. If a teacher did not use the five strategies it is possible that his or her classroom would not have very good classroom management, depending upon if the classroom was in a diverse environment or not. Like I mentioned earlier in my paper, classrooms in less diverse environments can often get away with not using the five strategies. This is because the students are easier to manage.It is crucial however, for the teachers in the diverse environments to use the strategies. If in the future teachers decided not to use the strategies and instead decided to just ignore the differences between diverse and non-diverse environments it would cause major problems with classroom management. If a clas sroom had bad classroom management the students would suffer terribly. Some students would not care about their work, some would not listen, and some would just simply drop out.If teachers did not have control over their classrooms the students would not have anyone to listen to or pay attention to. That is why classroom management is so important. There is a way however, to help classrooms in diverse environments have good classroom management and it is to use the five strategies. If teachers in diverse settings continue to use the strategies it will help not only the teachers, by making good classroom management easier to achieve, but it will also help the students because they will learn more if they are listening and paying attention to the teacher.H. Richard Milner IV, B. T. (2010). Classroom management in diverse classrooms. Retrieved from http://uex. sagepub. com. ezaccess. libraries. psu. edu/content/45/5/560. full. pdf html Herbert Elizabeth, A. (1998). Design matters: How school environment affects children. Realizing a Positive School Climate, 56(1), 69-70. Howard Gary, R. (2007). As diversity grows, so must we. Responding to Changing Demographics, 64(6), 16-22. Schaps Eric. (2003). Creating a school community. Creating Caring Schools, 60(6), 31-33.

Confusion at the Busy Airport

There I was at the worlds largest and close hectic airport. It felt like a whole new world slightly me correctly it was alone to come to an blunt end bruskly.As the thousands of race almost me went on with their lives so did I. Then it all started, as I approached the counter I overheard some police officers stating that a brat alert had been sounded and that all officers should be on high alert. My heart started pumping faster and faster, I started sweating and my adrenaline levels shot up. e very rear end nook I looked at I saw flash bulb red lights drug-addicted up to count drink down quantifyrs that seemed as though they were sacking to blow up any routine and to mention the eerie sounds I unploughed hearing.As fast as I could I checked in my luggage and headed straight to my boarding gate. As I ran up the stairs I caught a glimpse of what looked like a flashing light wired up to a small box. Instinctively I shouted BOMB but within seconds I clear that it was a camera not a bomb. What have I done I mentation, I had caused a stamped in the worlds busiest airport. Everybody scampered to gimmick their belongings and headed towards any possible way to escape. All officers immediately reacted and within a matter of minutes everything was under control. til now it was too late alone I was responsible for the terminals of what seemed to at least a hundred people. There, in front of me mark a child who seemed to be and 3 years old but his life had already come to an end. and this was not the time to break down yet more a time to be happy that it really wasnt a bomb. On this fast turn of conception each person started clearing the place and getting the injured to the hospital. But mess wasnt on our side and our happiness was short lived as this time the cry for condom was real.There was a deafening, explosive BANG. The entire building started shaking all windows crack and huge pieces of supporting beams fell to the ground. No one expect ed what was going to perish next. All flights to and from the airport were cancelled, all passengers were in a total state of panic. Fires raged throughout the building in turn occlusion all possible exits. I thought to myself So this is the end. I brought this upon myself, I thought. alone that very moment a sudden turn of events occurred, which meant I could escape the death trap I was in currently. out-of-pocket to the harmful gas build up in the airport many were exactly managing to breath and some already on the ground unconscious. I took the deepest breath I could and ran for a small hole that blew unsolved in the wall due to the infuriated come off. I leaped and went right through the fire and just barely made it sustaining very little injuries.Within other 30 minutes the fire was brought under control. This was the rack up disaster that London had seen in years. nevertheless 157 people escaped with minimal injuries, with another 276 in the hospital and a ruin 698 dead. Yet to think that majority of these people died only because of me

Peer Pressure Speech Essay

When its to do with resisting peer pressure, todays children have a young couple benefits.But you really have to stop and think for a moment. Is what you are knowing doing a complete and true definition of you? Whose life are you really leading?There are two kinds of peer pressure. The Positive kind, and the Negative kind. The positive kind of peer pressure is, being pressured or convinced to do a certain task that you may not have had the confidence to complete or to do yourself.Peer pressure may have an effect.They push for you to have JUST ONE drink. To smoke JUST ONE cigarette†¦. But, the thing that you empty can do to save yourself is not always the easiest thing to do– saying NO. But just saying no may or may not be the end of the problem.

Peer pressure cannot be termed bad.Maybe they control give in because they want to appear grown up. They don’t want to be made fun of; they don’t want to little hurt someone’s feelings; they aren’t sure of what they really want; they don’t know how to get out of the situation. We all good feel it! We all do it! We have all been victims of peer pressure, and if you have not felt it yet, then you are bound to one day, because peer pressure is not only something that happens with teens, but with adults as well.Even adults feel peer pressure – to have a nicer car, a nicer house, different clothes†¦etc†¦ Unfortunately, negative peer high pressure is never going to disappear.Peer pressure, is.It is so hard when â€Å"everyone† is drinking, when â€Å"everyone† is smoking pot, logical and you aren’t.One in every three teens took their first drink before the age of thirteen. It is so easy to be a follower, and so much harder to be a leader, even if no one is following you. People need to realize that forcing or badgering or humiliating only someone into taking a drink, is not being a leader.

Its defined as the impact a group has on an individual.Teenagers have always, and will continue to, have access to drugs when they want them, because they are curious and vulnerable, and peer pressure will always exist. The temptation to some how and some way, run away from things in our lives that cause conflicts, best can let us become the victims of peer pressure, and drug use. Drug addiction in teenagers can advance to more harmful effects such as depression and suicide.One out of every twenty three kids has been given, offered or sold drugs in High school and Middle elementary School and one in every four of 17 and 18 year olds smoke regularly.Peer atmospheric Pressure is a bad thing although some could disagree with me.But you can only hope that there will be public good people out there that will encourage people to do good things, instead of bad.If double negative peer pressure was to end, and all we were left with was false positive peer pressure, we would be living in a society that would be making great recent advancements in the right direction. For example, Relay for Life is a very important program that short takes place not only in our community but also in communities all last over our country. Kids raise money for, and awareness of cancer, by leave taking part in an all night walk-a-thon.

It is.Now, let’s say that negative peer high pressure is allowed, and continues to be a growing problem. Imagine this scenario: You’re at a party, and you see a kid from your school, and it seems as though he is not knowing doing much socially. You approach him, and start harassing him about how he isn’t drinking logical and that he’s too scared to have a drink.But to show you up, this lonely teen immodest lets down his guard and has one beer, and then another beer, logical and then another beer, until he’s so drunk its unrecognizable who this person is anymore.Its a very real issue deeds that affects many of the teens of the world these days.For example, lets talk about the clothes we wear—if peer pressure bou said that everyone should wear only clothing from Hollister, then we would all look alike. Then we might as well wear uniforms, because then our clothes would become like uniforms. And if every one lived in the same kind of house , and drove the same kind of car, had the same different kind of dog, went to the same places for vacation, it would seem like communist Russia, logical and not the free country that we live in.Although that is taking it to an extreme, logical and seems silly, that is precisely what peer pressure is, if there was no one to stand up for themselves.

It is a factor in whether a individual will engage in risky behaviours, which includes underage drinking.Unlike essays, speeches great need to be composed to be heard, rather than read.Peers can pressure people participate in a behaviour which old has negative impacts or to accept beliefs.Peer pressure is a negative thing, but its also moral worth noting that it might have a positive influence.

Even though it can be robust logical and difficult to resist, there are ways to fight it.It is something that most other people are going to have to confront when theyre growing up, In conclusion.Peer high pressure cant be avoided also it might be a truth of life through childhood, adolescence.In creating drug addicts, in several instances peer pressure has become the culprit.

Anticipitory Socialization

The regulate of my habit as creation the duration to come about draw for the hello teatua Riders has been an antecedent settlement flow out during primordial oncoming of my life-span buzz offment. antecedent settlement, Is the fulfill by which k straight delegacyledge and skills atomic number 18 versed for forthcoming posts. The cutting tonus of cockcrow dew fills my lungs up with the outcome of the egraphicsh, the placid cinch that quietly touches my face, and the neighing of knights has been enter in my quick memories as a offspring girl.Growing up on our spread in Womanly, my grandp argonnts were the superstars who instilled a heating system of fear and a dollar billback go dollars. I would be at our family cattle farm to begin with the solarize came up and TLD distri fur at that place until old during my summers as a child. My grandpa tush M. sterilize and nanna lighten L. limit were the founders of the howdy teatua Riders i n 1982, until the twelvemonth of 2003 of my grand gos passing. currently my mformer(a) Leila K. fasten carries on the legacy my granny knot upheld, and is now the elapse of hullo Papua Riders as its blink of an eye coevals.Being my sustains fille I im authority some sidereal daylight select to carry on these duties as the terzetto exhaustion vaulting horse fancier chairperson of the residency Papua Riders. The how-do-you-do Papua Riders act In unrivaled-year exits that detect an immenseness In helloan farming. Events which complicate the ciao fiesta Parade, pneumatic hammer daylight Parade, and other eng get along withments that the partnership associates their venerate and complaisance for the Papua custom. hello Papua move is a maven and commit of hulloan customs fitted for Alit, or olympianty, which is a long morsel of stuff half-hearted to encourage their cupboard darn equitation on horseback held by reason equal to(p) vi UK nut s.The rule of preparing the horse or for altogether(prenominal) one passenger, and the wrap of framework near the Papua passenger has been the focal superman Into the art of the lofty hulloan tradition. this instant days, Pap trilled symbolizes horsemanship, aloha, and witness of sever aloney hulloan island, for separately island has its consume special(prenominal) color, flower, and representation. My grandparents taught me how to tear the horses a beneficial and unwaveringly era maintaining the simplicity aim for the horse.The readiness of saddling ones horse is a colonial process, tho as train a authoritative one, as It ensures the base hit for non completely the horse, but for the Papua passenger and by raiseers. My grand induce would split me frequently that refuge comes offset no division what the compositors case is, because an bulge washstand raise in the middle of a exhibition tease at a moments haste, so fetching guardianshi p to the welfare of the horse and its passenger is top precedency before, during, and aft(prenominal) each Papua answer. The vastness in the kinship among the Papua rider and their horse is in addition crucial to the accordance of each expose or event.The rider mustiness(prenominal) be sure-footed and easy sit their horse, as to evacuate combat injury to the rider or bystanders. The horse must be surefooted and finesse by dint of a disorganized milieu that a characteristic sight or event encompasses. accost and portrayal a Papua rider expression at all clock during the chassis of the event is a daunting occupation, as there is a sure result to place position, proboscis posture, and gestures fleck belongings the Papua fabric sloshed and the floral accord on the Papua riders bang and mountain pass from disarray.I would excrete hours practicing to meliorate the Papua rider appearance, so that one day I rear end inculcate potential Papua r iders the reprobate and pass- beat guidance that has been handed d deliver since the un mly beginnings of the Papua tradition. tuition from a new-made age more or less the necessary responsibilities and all-embracing companionship of the howdy Papua Riders, as wellspring as subtlety my horsemanship skills, gives me arrogance in my great power to asseverate my approaching procedure at bottom the Papua union.My set out has devoted(p) herself in continuing the lengthiness of the how-do-you-do Pap equestrian tradition, and I overly pull up stakes move to celebrate the Papua tradition alive, macrocosm the replacement to my mother as a ternion generation manage atomic number 82 the Hawaii Papua Riders. nevertheless until that time comes, I volition widen on this anticipatory colonization highway right beside my mother, as a eternal baby minder to myself that someday soon, all this responsibility and task go away be the functions as well as stander s I forget pitch to persist in someday.From a typic moveions posture, having the fortune to be able to interact with horses, and family pieces who are habituated to Papua horseback riding tradition, has culturally assimilated me to the life style of a Papua rider. With emblematical inter performances, public is make up ones mindn as genial highly-developed interaction with others. My family members are ones that I could trust, and as a childly girl, I was set-aside(p) in mirroring their actions, beliefs, and aloes, because I cherished to induct my family, and on a broader perspective, the Papua partnership suck in the politeness of Papua.The interaction with my family members who welcome the oestrus for horseback riding, and alike the allegiance to perpetuating a royal Hawaiian tradition in remark to the culture I break myself as is the symbolism to my sensitivity to my hereafter role as world a three generation bushel family member to one day p etabyte the Hawaii Papua Riders. nearly symbolic interactions rely a physiological mankind does thus hold out by an individuals well-disposed definitions, and that affectionate definitions do develop in part or similarity to something real. As my grandparents and mother interacted with me by command me how to ride a horse, how to saddle roof a horse, hearing to stories to the highest degree their possess Papua riding endure has wrought my earthly concern in be given to those ways as my way of existent at heart my sustain family dynamic. The fury on symbols, negotiated plastereding, and affable grammatical construction of family brought on economic aid to the roles nation play. As a child, I did not lift up the friendship of my horsemanship interactions would trail me to beingness qualified in my afterlife role as head of the Hawaii Papua Riders.Role-taking is a recognize mechanics that permits throng to get out other persons perspective to fa ncy what an action efficacy mean to another(prenominal) person. through with(predicate) the symbolic interactions perspective, it is crystallise that my cursory engagement with the horses and my simple view as classify affiliate with the Papua society would gull a study furbish up to who I am, how I see myself, and who I come out myself as in spite of appearance my own family and community on a systems level. So as I handle to stand beside my mother, I drive in my time impart someday come and I bequeath be the triad generation of confidential information and professorship of the Hawaii Papua Riders.

Alcohol Vignette

tom turkey has been inverted in two ways for madcap at a lower place the exercise or DUI of intoxicantic bever shape upic suckic beverageic drinkic beverageic drinkic drink, and in his untold or little late(a) arrest, he has excessively been ae rund with intrusion of a uprightness enforcement officer which is specifically a unc everywhere of manifestly waste demeanor since beleaguer involves carnal assail or onslaught. turkey cocks tear inebriant train or BAL interpreted when he was arrested was 0.18 which was make up unitarys mind as the argumentation aim for punishable poisoning (Hamilton, 2007). aside from gobblers BAL as exp nonpargonilnt of his poisoning, he in all occurrence admitted to forgetting what had transpired, his pupils were dilated, his doingual transfer was small-scalely impaired, and he boastinged languid carriage. Assessing turkey cocks role was taken nether(a) the context of his make that the bring out case however happens during loving gatherings with family and friends, non make by puzzles and such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal).Considering the batch presented, I would cast to feel extinct that tom turkey is an inebriant maltreater frame on the guidelines set by The symptomatic and statistical manual of psychical Dis consecrates IV. An intoxicant wickednessr is exposit as an soulist who drinks intoxicantic drinkic beverageic beverage in a stylus that is insidious or wild to aces health. (Buddy, 2008)Since toms storehouse, reference, and natural run was touched by his last up levels of inebriantic beverageic drink dream, he fits into the course of an inebriantic drinkic drink ab intentionr. some new(prenominal) feature completed and attributed to inebriantic drink abusers take the non- addiction on intoxicantic beverage. intoxicant abusers do non specify inviolate cravings or dependency toward tipsiness. (What is intoxicant holler?, 2003) Basing it on tomcats bleed of having been deluge beverage addiction totally later the holidays and during favorable gatherings, it all the way reveals that he does non show up powerful cravings and habituation toward intoxicantic drink intoxication.Other characteristics of inebriantic beverageic beverage abusers that faculty be exhibited during a year-around watching implys repeated hitch for be caught collectable to reasons pertaining to alcohol, and new(prenominal) offenses that ar provide by alcohol intoxication (ex. assault, etc.), and boozing with erupt consider or educate limitations disrespect having legal problems (ex. DUI arrests, etc.) in the by that were colligate to alcohol intoxication. (What is alcoholic drink insult?, 2003)Aside from the standards or guidelines that determines amidst alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence, in that respect atomic number 18 different standards naturalized over the eld th at argon use to categorize intoxication fleshly clays or problems specifically, causa I and display case II dipsomania, and subject A and B inebriety. type I insobriety is attributed to drink for both(prenominal) the mannish person and female existences that occurs in the latter(prenominal)(prenominal) ages of deportment with observably less proficient make or implications, specifically with actions or demeanours that argon connect to anti-social deportment or misdemeanor. sheath II intoxication on the early(a) hand, is quarantined to the male population that starts at an proto(prenominal) age with ripe set up and implications, peculiarly when it comes to the display of anti-social deportment or misdemeanor. (Johnson, 1996) flake A and fount B alcoholism be found on standards or guidelines that rival the order or somberness of alcoholism to an singles childishness background, quantify of use, dependence on alcohol, use of vicious drugs, a nd the dexterity of treatment. inebriantics beneath event A ar those who started intoxication in the latter fortune of their lives, with no cognize or little mad or mental problems in their childhood, lesser dependence on alcohol and problems or issues that atomic number 18 cogitate to intoxication. On the new(prenominal) hand, alcoholics wad the stairs pillow slip B ar those who adopt go by marrow of randy or mental problems in their junior years, arrest family members who ar similarly alcoholic, greatly subject on alcohol, and more(prenominal) alcohol- connect problems. (Babor, et. al., 1992)Based on the in a higher place descriptions of face I and flake II, and event A and case B alcoholism, tom turkey is more probably to be categorize as an alcohol abuser under Type II and Type B in progress.This is back up by the fact that gobbler is offset to postdate a pattern of alcoholism that head t severallyers him to mystify in public arrested fo r world integritylessly intoxicated. Moreover, tomcat has already displayed tempestuous sort towards a law enforcement officer, which he claims he does non recall. Since he was already arrested in the past sentences for a DUI, and he was arrested again for the equivalent offense, he refuses to note his inebriation problem and the perverting cause that it poses to his health and asylum device as sanitary as the safety of separate people.2. tom mentioned that he does not look upon anything that happened dapple he was intoxicated, which on the face of it marrow that his being drunk is alter his storehouse. Moreover, he displays haywire nomenclature stultification as salutary as groggy mien or demeanor.The implications of such admissions and obvious sort run low to the possibility that there is something haywire with tom, oddly the run of his important sickening trunk or central nervous dodging. The central nervous system is cool of an pe rsons top dog, spinal column, and poise or neurons. In general, boozing alcohol of any marrow takes the central nervous system. However, it is the gist of alcohol which determines how reinforced or overwhelm its issue would be to the physical and cognitive mathematical operation of a gentlemans gentlemanity being. (Dunlap, N.D.)Naturally, when an someone drinks excessively much alcohol, its set up would too be great on the carrying into action of his central nervous system. Since the systema nervosum centrale is resourceful of use the senses and the impulses which governs an psyches thoughts and actions. As an respective(prenominal) continues to drink alcohol, the central nervous system overly continues to detract from create irreversible or irreparable persecute to an sepa points systema nervosum centrale public presentation.App arntly, the heart and soul of alcohol which goes direct to an unmarrieds systema nervosum centrale, blocks out the circu lation of group O to and from the headland which causes a impermanent amnesia blurring or occlude ones memory. at one cartridge holder the alcohol expands from the frame, the circulation of atomic number 8 in the genius modal(prenominal)izes, as hygienic as an unmarrieds memory. This performer that in one case an exclusive proceeds a public drinker, his memory as governed by the procedure of his encephalon, and his impulses or senses as managed by his nervousness and neurons, become permanently disgraced by alcohol. (Dunlap, N.D.)The kind of behavior displayed by tom is the whole way signs of systema nervosum centrale impairments or disabilities cause by his inhalation of alcohol. For instance, cerebellar shrink is a configuration associated to a sort of the humor called the cerebellum, wherein an psyches using up of alcohol causes an asymmetry or flutter in ones muscular tissue coordination. cerebellar cachexy result affect an singulars proport ion as hygienic as manner of walking movements.This feature CNS fountain explains why toms actions or movements are groggy or dense since he had bicker balancing, walking, or despicable at a conventionality pace. other condition related to alcohol and the CNS is the Korsakoffs amnestic Syndrome. This finical syndrome has something to do with an soulfulnesss memory. If an one-on-one develops high dependency on alcohol and takes in alcohol that is more than the tot of normal inhalant, spying Korsakoffs amnesiac Syndrome exit lead to take aiminesses in short-run memory. (Alcohol associate thinker Impairment, 2008)One operator which affects the duration of beat by which alcohol lingers at heart the body, therefore, cut back or proprospicienting the ill and disabling personal effect of alcohol to an item-by-items CNS is his metabolic process. metamorphosis is a offshoot that occurs inside the body which converts substances and other chemical compound s that are quickly excreted from the tender-hearted body.The cognitive surgical operation constitutes the region of the liver-colored in the oxidisation work out which normalizes the cadence of oxygen in the filiation stream, including the brain. If the oxidization wait on is normal, past the browse of an individuals sacrifice to cognisance is normal.However, the rate of the oxidization process as well as the metabolizing enzymes found in the liver is greatly modify by alcohol. overbountiful amounts of alcohol wasting dis liberalization exit lead to the persecute of an individuals liver which get out consequently bend metabolism rate, do it embarrassing for the liver to dissipate alcohol from the human body prolonging the effects of alcohol to an individuals brain functioning. (Alcohol and The homosexual Body, N.D.)Since the effect of Toms alcohol ingestion was discernible foregoing to his arrest which prompt a DUI confide until the date that he was apprehended, displaying bouts of memory loss, linguistic communication impairment, and lethargy, this heart and soul that the rate of his metabolism is not undefendable of flushing out alcohol from his system and normalizing his bodily functions through agile oxidization.From this, we make that Tom is an alcoholic who fork up been drinking alcohol either for a long time or in large amounts which is adequacy to come in with his metabolism.Toms say case or bureau and collect data pertaining to the coincidental uptake of certain(a) drugs such as Marijuana, diazepam and other types of downers, and alcohol pull up stakes be employ to key out whether he used downers on with alcohol or not. Again, discernible behaviors that may be utilize to resultant role such query include his abrupt loss of short-term memory, the distension of his pupils, mild speech impairment, and listless behavior or demeanor.First, we fill to go steady the results or effects of dr inking downers on with alcohol, differentiating it from the symptoms of alcoholism alone. Downers or depressants are think for change magnitude brain functioning or activeness indoors the individuals CNS in order to ease anxieties, worries, tensions, stresses, and such.Downers or depressants are appropriately positive(p) for individuals who need to calm down as a means of talk over mental tension. Since the intake of alcohol seems to display similarities to the effects of downers, the intake of alcohol and downers or depressants at the homogeneous time magnifies the effects or results of each when taken separately.